The transmission
The Teachers
1,020 who carried the discovery — across Hermetic, Vedic, Sufi, mystic, scientific, and modern streams. Start with the essential few, or browse by family and tradition.
1,020 teachers · 42 traditions
10 teachers
Stoicism
Epicurus
Atomism and ataraxia
341-270 BCE
Stoicism
Zeno of Citium
Living in accord with nature and the Logos
c. 334-262 BCE
Stoicism
Cicero
Transmission of Stoic and Academic thought
106-43 BCE
Stoicism
Musonius Rufus
Philosophy as practice; virtue lived, not merely argued
c.20/30-101
Stoicism
Marcus Aurelius
Inner judgment governs experience
121-180
Stoicism
Epictetus
Dichotomy of control
c.50-135
Stoicism
William B. Irvine
Negative visualization and the art of Stoic joy
1952-present
Stoicism
Donald Robertson
Stoicism as the philosophical root of cognitive therapy
1976-present
Stoicism
Ryan Holiday
Stoicism as a practical operating philosophy for modern life
1987-present
Stoicism
Lucius Annaeus Seneca
Mind as source of tranquility
c.4 BCE-65 CE