
A Teacher
Wei Wu Wei (Terence Gray)
Non-volitional living; there is no separate ‘I’
The transmission
“Wei Wu Wei” was the pen name of Terence James Stannus Gray (14 September 1895 – 5 January 1986), an Anglo-Irish writer born in Felixstowe, Suffolk, and raised on a family estate in the Gog Magog Hills outside Cambridge.
His early life was strikingly varied: he published two books on ancient Egyptian history in the 1920s, then became a noted avant-garde theatre producer, running the experimental Cambridge Festival Theatre and staging over a hundred plays between 1926 and 1933.
Only later, after travels in Asia turned his attention to Taoist and Buddhist thought, did he take up the contemplative writing for which he is now remembered. Beginning in 1958, at the age of sixty-three, and writing under the name Wei Wu Wei (a Taoist phrase often rendered “action without action”), Gray published a series of eight compact, paradoxical books, including Ask the Awakened, Why Lazarus Laughed, All Else Is Bondage, Open Secret, and The Tenth Man.
Drawing together Taoism, Chan and Zen Buddhism, and Advaita, his essays return relentlessly to a single point: that the separate “I” who imagines itself to act and to seek is precisely the illusion to be seen through, and that what is sought is what one already is.
In his later years he lived in Monaco with his second wife, the Georgian princess Natalie Imeretinsky, and died in 1986.
What they gave
Non-volitional living: Pressed the case that the apparent personal will and doer are illusory, anticipating the no-doership emphasis of later teachers.
- Cross-tradition synthesis: Wove Taoism, Zen, and Advaita into a single nondual voice, showing their underlying convergence.
- The paradoxical essay as pointer: Used terse, koan-like prose to short-circuit conceptual seeking rather than to build a system.
- “You are what you seek”: Stated with unusual sharpness the recognition that the seeker and the sought are not two, a touchstone for the contemporary nondual conversation.
In their words
Why are you unhappy? Because 99.9 per cent Of everything you think, And of everything you do, Is for yourself — And there isn’t one.
It is only with total humility, and in absolute stillness of mind that we can know what indeed we are.
The Saint is a man who disciplines his ego. The Sage is a man who rids himself of his ego.
Play your part in the comedy, but don’t identify yourself with your role!
What is your trouble? Mistaken identity.
Realisation is a matter of becoming conscious of that which is already realised.
One must know that one is not in order to be able to understand that we are.
The seeing of Truth cannot be dualistic (a ‘thing’ seen). It cannot be seen by a see-er, or via a see-er. There can only be a seeing which itself is Truth.
In order to be effective truth must penetrate like an arrow — and that is likely to hurt.
The line they stand in
Influenced by: Taoism (the texts of Lao Tzu and Chuang Tzu); Chan and Zen Buddhism (Huang Po, Hui Neng, Hui Hai); Advaita Vedanta and the teaching of Ramana Maharshi.
- Influenced: Ramesh Balsekar and Tony Parsons, who both cited his paradoxical writing; the later radical-nonduality essayists; Galen Sharp and other readers who carried his “non-volitional” pointing forward.
Revelations they taught
Essential Works
- Fingers Pointing Towards the Moon1958
- Ask the Awakened: The Negative Way1963
- Open Secret1965