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Foundational · c.700

The Way of the Bodhisattva (Bodhicaryavatara)

by Shantideva

Indian Mahayana Buddhism

The Way of the Bodhisattva (Bodhicaryavatara) is a Sanskrit verse classic of Indian Mahayana that is at once devotional poem, ethical manual, and Madhyamaka treatise on emptiness. Its central claim is that the deliberate cultivation of mental attitude, above all patience and compassion, reshapes one's entire experience of the world.

At its heart stand bodhicitta, the awakening-mind vowed to attain buddhahood for the sake of all beings, and the radical practice of exchanging self and other, in which the suffering of others is regarded exactly as one's own. The text argues that since the earth cannot be covered in leather one must instead cover one's own feet, mastering the mind rather than circumstance.

The work became foundational to the entire Tibetan lojong tradition, supplying both its textual basis and its practical method. Its insistence that freedom lies in transforming the mind rather than the world marks it as a deep ancestor of mind-training thought.

Lineage

What it drew on
Nalanda Mahayana scholasticismMadhyamaka emptiness teaching (Nagarjuna)Prajnaparamita literature
What it shaped
Tibetan lojong (mind-training) traditionthe Dalai Lamas and Gelug teachingAtisa and the Kadam schoolmodern compassion and tonglen practice

The author

Shantideva ShantidevaBodhicitta; exchanging self and other Full voice →

Key terms

Kindred books