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Living · 1973

I Am That

by Nisargadatta Maharaj

Advaita (Direct Pointing)

I Am That records the talks of Nisargadatta Maharaj, an Indian sage of the Navnath Sampradaya who taught from a small upstairs room in Bombay while living as a humble shopkeeper. Its central claim is that the bare, prior-to-thought sense of being, the feeling "I Am," is the doorway beyond the personal self to impersonal awareness, and ultimately to the absolute reality that is "prior to consciousness" itself.

The method, received from his guru Siddharameshwar, is to abide in the sense "I Am," holding attention on the simple fact of existence until identification with the person falls away. The teaching is delivered as direct pointing, an uncompromising, immediate confrontation of the seeker's assumptions rather than a graduated discipline.

One of the most influential nondual texts of the twentieth century, the book parallels Ramana Maharshi's "Who am I?" and underscores self-inquiry as a perennial, cross-cultural method. Through students such as Ramesh Balsekar it became a primary upstream source for the Western neo-Advaita teachers who populate the contemporary nondual field.

In its words

You are not the body, you are not the mind — you are the awareness in which both appear.

The ideas it carries

Practices it teaches

Abidance in 'I Am' — Nisargadatta Maharaj

This is the core instruction of Nisargadatta Maharaj (1897–1981), the Bombay beedi-seller turned Advaita sage: hold on to the sense 'I am' to the exclusion of everything else.

Hamsa / So'ham Ajapa-Japa — Muktananda's Natural Mantra of the Breath

For Muktananda this is the central, natural meditation: the mantra that repeats itself in the breath whether or not you choose it.

I Am Not the Body, Not the Mind' — Nisargadatta's Dis-identification

This is Nisargadatta Maharaj's practical application of the ancient neti neti ("not this, not this") method: a deliberate, methodical seeing that whatever you can observe cannot be the observer.

Tracing the 'I Am' to Its Source — Nisargadatta Maharaj

Where abidance in "I am" asks you to dwell in the bare sense of being, this is the next, sharper move that dominated Nisargadatta Maharaj's later teaching…

The Witness of the Three States — Nisargadatta Maharaj

This is Nisargadatta Maharaj's use of a classical Advaita contemplation — the analysis of the three states of waking, dream, and deep sleep — as a doorway to the witness.

Lineage

What it drew on
Navnath Sampradaya lineage (his guru Siddharameshwar)Advaita Vedantabhakti traditionSiddharameshwar Maharaj
What it shaped
Ramesh Balsekar, Stephen WolinskyWestern neo-Advaita (Spira, Mooji, etc.)the 'I Am' meditation approachWayne Liquorman

The author

Nisargadatta Maharaj Nisargadatta MaharajPrior to consciousness — 'I Am' Full voice →

Key terms

Kindred books